obesity

= OBESITY = = Introducttion = Obesity is a global issue nowadays,specially in North America as you see below.We are going to talk about 4 subjects of Obesity:Classification,Effects on health,Causes and Management.




 * Country || Rate of Obesity % ||
 * United States || 30.6 ||
 * Mexico || 24.2 ||
 * Canada || 14.3 ||
 * France || 9.4 ||
 * United Kingdom || 23 ||
 * Japan || 3.2 ||

= ﻿ Classification ﻿ = ==== Obesity is a medical condition in which excess﻿ body fat has ﻿accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health.Its defined by body mass index (BMI)BMI and further evaluated in terms of fat distribution via the Waist hip ratio and total cardiovascular risk factors. ==== BMI is calculated by dividing the subject's mass by the square of his or her height, typically expressed either in metric or [|US "customary"] units: Metric: BMI = kilograms / meters2US customary and imperial : BMI = lb * 703 / in2 where lb is the subject's weight in pounds and in is the subject's height in inches. The most commonly used definitions, established by the [|World Health Organization] (WHO) in 1997 and published in 2000, provide the values listed in the table at right. Some modifications to the WHO definitions have been made by particular bodies. The surgical literature breaks down "class III" obesity into further categories whose exact values are still disputed.
 * ~ BMI ||~ Classification ||
 * < 18.5 || underweight ||
 * = 18.5–24.9 ||= normal weight ||
 * 25.0–29.9 || overweight ||
 * 30.0–34.9 || class I obesity ||
 * 35.0–39.9 || class II obesity ||
 * ≥ 40.0 || class III obesity ||
 * Any BMI ≥ 35 or 40 is severe obesity
 * A BMI of ≥ 35 or 40–44.9 or 49.9 is morbid obesity
 * A BMI of ≥ 45 or 50 is super obese



-some cancers : breast, colon, etc.
-sleep apnea -mental problem.

Mortality

-Severe obesity (BMI 40) reduce life expectancy by 10 years.

 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/WikiRRM.jpg/200px-WikiRRM.jpg width="376" height="349" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WikiRRM.jpg"]] ||  || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/WikiRRFBMI1.jpg/200px-WikiRRFBMI1.jpg width="382" height="357" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WikiRRFBMI1.jpg"]] ||
 * Relative risk of death for men (left) and women (right) in the United States by BMI.[|[18]] ||

Morbidity
Obesity increases the risk of many physical and mental conditions. These comorbidities are most commonly shown in metabolic syndrome a combination of medical disorders which includes: -Diabetes mellitus type2 -High blood pressure, -High blood cholesterole, -High triglyceride leves. Complications are either directly caused by obesity or indirectly related through mechanisms sharing a common cause such as a poor diet or a sedentary lifestyle. The strength of the link between obesity and specific conditions varies. -One of the strongest is the link with type2 diabeties Excess body fat underlies 64% of cases of diabetes in men and 77% of cases in women.

Causes
There are many causes of obesity.A combination of excessive caloric intake,lack of physical activity is thought to explain most cases of obesity.A limited number of cases are due primarily to genetics medical reasons psychatric ilness. In North America fast food is very popular. Fast food which has high calories, fat and less nutrition is the most important cause of obesity.Fast food A sedentary lifestyle plays a signification role in obesity.Nowadays, most of people use machine transportation and do less exercices. Like many other medical conditions, [|obesity] is the result of an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Polymorphisms in various genes controlling appetite and metabolism predispose to obesity when sufficient calories are present. The percentage of obesity that can be attributed to genetics varies depending on the population examined from 6% to 85%. As of 2006 more than 41 of these sites have been linked to the development of obesity when a favorable environment is present.

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= ﻿ Management =

The main treatment for obesity consists of dieting and physical exercises,weight loss programs and others. -Diet program may helps to reduce fat and calories in body. -Walking and cycling are the most effective means of exercise to reduce body fat. -Weight loss programs often promote lifestyle changes and diet modification.Exp.Eating smaller meals. -Cutting down on certain types of food. -Making a conscious effort to exercise. media type="youtube" key="amrqO9f71u4?fs=1" height="385" width="480" = Conclusion =

So, we should do excercise, eat healthy food to keep our body healthy.
Thank you for your listening!